Effects of groundnut crop density on the population dynamics of aphis craccivora koch hemiptera, aphididae in malawi volume 66 issue 2 j. Aphis craccivora is the most important insect pest of cowpea and also causes significant yield losses in other legume crops including alfalfa, beans, chickpea, lentils, lupins and peanuts. Pdf the aphid aphis craccivora was recorded on the crop of aronia, aronia melanocarpa, in montenegro, in june 2015 and 2016. Aphis craccivora, faba bean, intercropping, population dynamic, yield 1. Corpus allatum and ovarian growth in a polymorphic. Eggs develop within the mother and nymphs are born live. Consequently, maintenance of the juvenile form and. Germplasm for varietal improvement of resistance to cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch.
In many of these crops there is no natural genetic resistance to this sapsucking insect or resistance genes have been overcome by newly. Population dynamics of aphis gossypii glover and aphis. Save nature to survive comparative efficacy of botanical. Allyearround trapping in 20162017, revealed a marked peak in numbers of flying aphids in the. Aphis craccivora a polyphagous aphid species with a preference for fabaceae. The present study evaluated the resistance of 7 varieties of the broad bean vicia faba l. The parasitoids hymenoptera, braconidae, aphidiinae of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, were investigated throughout two far distant provinces, tehran and sistanbaluchestan. These landraces from the region of biskra in the south of algeriawere selected in an initial field trial and subjected to further testing in the greenhouse. Infestation score aphid population 0 free from aphids 1 very few aphid. The mortality of cowpea aphid aphis craccivora, due to the treatment of chemicals ranged from 50 to 98%.
Homoptera is associated with many host plants in the family fabaceae and also in many other plant families such that it attacks about 50 crops in 19 different plant families 2. Olfactory response of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, to host odours and population of conspecifics j. The phenology of aphid populations and the epidemiology of virus in pastures in southeast australia. Behavioural response of alate aphis craccivora koch homoptera. Cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch ilse schreiner, ph.
Efficacy of pesticides against aphis craccivora 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 dimethoate imidaclopride monocrotophos acetampride control mortality % study on the effectiveness of pesticides against cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch 63. Pdf screening for resistance to cowpea aphids aphis. Chemical, cultural, physical and biological methods, and use of plant. Abundance of coccinellid predators in some varieties of cowpea, vigna unguiculata l. A current aphis forms catalog lists all available aphis and program forms and where the forms are stocked. Aphids diversity in chickpea cicer arietinum and lentil lens culinaris cultures within tala amara region tiziouzou, algeria. Within a few days, nymphs mature into reproductive adults and. Walpers, is a major dietary staple in tropical africa where it is most often cultivated.
Home about us subjects contacts advanced search help. Twentytwo advanced breeding genotypes of cowpea were evaluated for their responses to infestation by the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Evaluation and utilization of cowpea vigna unguiculata l. North carolina agricultural experiment station technical bulletin 255. Aphididae, in six highly antibiotic cowpea varieties volume 79 issue 3 a. Epidemiology of zucchini yellow mosaic virus in cucurbit. Phylogeny, chitinase activity, and pathogenicity of beauveria.
Worldwide populations of the aphid aphis craccivora are. Reciprocal transfer experiments were undertaken using four different hosts to examine the effects of a change in host at adult moult on the probing behaviour of the cowpea aphid aphis c. Inheritance study of aphid aphis craccivora koch and. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, is one of the most serious pests of legumes, such as faba bean, cowpea and pea 3.
Effect of weeds on colonization of cowpea by aphis craccivora koch. Bioassay of some plant extracts against cowpea aphid, aphis. Aphididae causes stunted growth of plants and reduces seed production. Identification of novel resistance gene sources to cowpea. Colonization and control of aphis craccivora koch homoptera. Colony of black bean aphid aphis fabae on flowers of plantain lily hosta sp aphis craccivora koch destroying plants. Control of groundnut rosette virus and its vector aphis. Spread of groundnut rosette virus by aphis craccivora koch. Screening for resistance to cowpea aphids aphis craccivora koch in wild and cultivated cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Abstract the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora, is a major insect pest of cowpea in africa. Aphis craccivora, crop pest, entomopathogenic fungi, median lethal concentration introduction cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch is a threat to cowpea growers in all over the country. Ants living in the big tree protect their aphis for syrup in return ants and aphis world. Also, it was given that the host plant species reported in different regions of turkey of abovementioned aphids, so far. Temperature and development impacts on housekeeping gene.
Pdf this study sought to identify new sources of resistance to cowpea aphids. Effects of groundnut crop density on the population dynamics of. Pdf persistent toxicity of selected insecticides on. Comparative efficacy of some botanical, microbial and synthetic insecticides were evaluated against aphid, aphis craccivora koch, on mung bean at instructional farm, uttar banga krishi viswavidyalaya, pundibari, west bengal during the year 2012. Studies on the ecology of aphis craccivora koch hem.
Fabaceae is an important pulse crop of asia, europe, and africa. These insects directly damage the plants by sucking the phloem, and indirectly by virus transmission and excretion of excess carbohydrates from their diet of. This is your first entry to the taxa hierarchy display. Host odour preference of 405 olfactory response of cowpea. In general, this pest causes severe damage to beans in warm weather, especially in mediumrainfall areas of the region.
Pdf first record of aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. Hence, it is relevant to study the importance of leaf wax compounds longchain alkanes and free. When the aphids were confined the dry wt of the plant after 14 days infestation was 62% of the controls. The main control of bbsv and bbtmv in crops is the use of seeds free from infection. The main species of aphids attacking beans are aphis fabae scopoli and aphis craccivora koch. This study was conducted to investigate the gene effects, heritability, genetic advance and number of effective factors controlling the inheritance of aphid and rosette resistance and other quantitative characters. Probing behaviour of aphis craccivora koch on host plants of. Influence of entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana. This study sought to characterize the indigenous isolates of fungal entomopathogens, beauveria bassiana, metarhizium pingshaense, m. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera, aphidiae, was collected from a greenhouse on fava bean, vicia faba fabales, fabaceae, at the university of kentucky. Aphis craccivora is a remarkable species in terms of geographical and host plant range. Identification of novel resistance gene sources to cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch in cowpea vigna unguiculata l.
Pdf biology and demographic growth parameters of cowpea. Aphis craccivora, variously known as the cowpea aphid, groundnut aphid or black legume aphid, is a true bug in the family aphididae. The production is, however, greatly hampered by severe infestation and damage by insect pests including the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Studies on the capability of cheilomenes lunata fabricius. Relative efficacy of selected insecticides on cowpea aphid. Aphis craccivora and vigna sesquipedalis effect of infestation of second. This is a list of 609 species in aphis, a genus of aphids in the family aphididae aphis species.
Field evaluation of new insecticide molecules for the management of cowpea aphid and flea beetle was carried out in students farm, college of agriculture, pjtsau, rajendranagar, hyderabad during 20142015. Aphids, particularly aphis craccivora koch, are almost always the vector responsible for disease transmission. It is the vector of at least seven viruses which attack groundnut. Observations on aphis craccivora koch at serere, uganda, in 196468 showed that dry season carryover of aphids could occur on the common weeds euphorbia hirta and e. Aphis craccivora cowpea aphid identification, images. Singh and allen 1980 estimated yield losses of 20% to 40% in cowpea due to a. Silicon as resistance inducer in to control black aphid aphis. Aphididae are an important group of insects with worldwide distribution 8. Lens culinaris, aphis craccivora, foliage colour, leaf pubescence, host plant.
In a greenhouse experiment, adult apterae of aphis craccivora were either confined to the second trifoliate leaf of 19. Worldwide in distribution, but particularly common in warm temperate and tropical regions. Most aphid species comprise a set of closely related populations which may have diverged genetically so that. The development of cowpea aphid larvae was monitored on seven cowpea genotypes iar48, tvu15866, it84s22464, saka babba sata, it90k76, kanannado and tvx 3236. In many of these crops there is no natural genetic resistance to this sapsucking insect or resistance genes have been overcome by newly emerged cpa biotypes. Resistance source to cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch in. Pdf efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi against.
Aphis stock photos download 836 royalty free photos. Environmental issues aphididae distribution environmental aspects beans chick peas chickpea hostparasite relationships legumes lentils mimosaceae. Efficacy of different entomopathogenic fungi against cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. In parthenogenetically reproducing aphis craccivora koch, ovarian growth is initiated before birth and continues throughout larval life1. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Aphididae moraes and ramalho 1980 are serious crop pests in brazil. Pdf new sources of aphids aphis craccivora koch resistance in. Pest aphis craccivora koch destroying plants ants and aphis world. Infestation by the aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. The ecology of aphis craccivora koch and subterranean clover stunt virus in southeast australia. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis.
Grafttransmissibility of resistance to cowpea aphid, aphis. Aphis craccivora koch basf colony and damage on bean to read this page in french. You can modify these specifications at any time by clicking the change items displayed button in the header. The fgis forms catalog, fgis obsolete forms and the psp forms catalog also are available. A method was devised for estimating large populations of cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. Cowpea aphid, black legume aphid, groundnut aphid distribution. The ecology of aphis craccivora koch and subterranean clover stunt virus. The performance of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Number of aphis craccivora adults and nymphs in the freechoice test. The densities of the aphid on stem, leaves and pod were first estimated in the laboratory for use in the field later. The black bean aphid, aphis craccivora was described by koch in 1854 from germany.
At 3 days after the first spray, highest aphid mortalities were recorded in case of t 6. Amaresh abstract cowpea, vigna unguiculata, is an important food crop in many tropical regions. Pdf dispersal pattern of aphis craccivora koch in cowpea. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch preferentially invaded weed. Aphididae infesting phaseolus sinensis and lablab purpureus with its predator cheilomenes fabricius coleoptera. Persistent toxicity of selected insecticides on cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Aphids diversity in chickpea cicer arietinum and lentil. Equbal ahmad abstract the present seasonal study of aphis craccivora koch and its predator cheilomenes sexmaculata. Thrower department of botany, university of hong kong, hong kong accepted june 1980 summary in a greenhouse experiment, adult apterae of aphis craccivora were either confined to the second. Materials and methods an unkown aphid was observed during 2009 in wheat crop at nifa farm. Control of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch homoptera. The nymphs and adults suck plant juice and cause serious damage on the seedling and pod bearing stage. Bioassay of some plant extracts against cowpea aphid. The damage and bionomics of the aphid are briefly introduced.
Probing behaviour of aphis craccivora koch on host plants of different nutritional quality traicevski 2002 ecological entomology wiley online library. Coccinellidae in different seasons rakhshan and md. One of the most important pests of this crop is the black legume aphid, aphis craccivora koch homoptera. A model of cowpea aphid populations in temperate pastures. Under faba bean field conditions, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and dinotefuran registered significantly high percent reduction of the pest at one, seven, fifteen. This is the first report of aphis craccivora koch occurring on wheat in pakistan. Dispersal pattern of aphis craccivora koch in cowpea in kerala. This crop is highly susceptible to infestation with cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch eldefrawi, 1998. There were two significant associations between facultative symbiont and aphid food plant. Species scientific name, pests common names, glossary, crops. Experimental aphid transmission tests proved that myzus persicae and aphis craccivora are able to. Two aphid resistance, one rosette resistance, one aphid susceptible and one rosette susceptible lines were used as parents to develop f1s, f2s, bc1p1 and bc1p2. Study on the effectiveness of pesticides against cowpea aphid. Aphis craccivora koch is a major pest of groundnut arachis hypogaea l.
Population dynamics of aphis gossypii glover and in sole. Pdf field efficacy of selected insecticides against. These insects directly damage the plants by sucking the phloem, and indirectly by virus transmission and excretion of excess carbohydrates from their diet of phloem sap bachmann. The black aphid, aphis craccivora koch, stands out because it has a lot of. Aphididae is a major insect pest of cowpea in africa, asia and the americas obengofori, 2007. The cow pea aphid is the most notorious pest causing considerable damageto bean plants. Grafttransmissibility of resistance to cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera. Highest aphid densities were developed in the susceptible varieties.
Originally of probable palearctic origin, it is now an invasive species of cosmopolitan distribution. Identification and characterization of resistance to cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch in medicago truncatula lars g kamphuis, 1, 2 lingling gao, 1 and karam b singh 1, 2 1 csiro plant industry, private bag 5, wembley, wa, 69, australia. Groundnut aphids, aphis craccivora koch, hemiptera. Identification and characterization of resistance to cowpea. Toxicity and persistence of selected neonicotinoid. Alabi3 1department of agronomy, university of ibadan 2international institute for tropical agriculture, ibadan 3department of crop protection and. Field strain of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, was treated by selected neonicotinoid insecticides to evaluate their toxicity and persistence against this pest in assiut governorate, egypt.
New sources of resistance in cowpea to the cowpea aphid aphis. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora, koch is a key pest of the crop. It has been known for many years1 that close spacing of groundnuts, arachis hypogaea l. Aphis craccivora colony was maintained on seedlings of fava bean in a growth chamber at 23c with a photoperiod of 12. Cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch is a major pest of cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Both nymphs and adults suck plant sap and cause serious damage right from the seedling to pod bearing stage. They are herbivorous insects that can affect plants directly or indirectly by feeding on the plants sap. Dec 11, 2019 cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch is a serious insect pest of cowpea distributed in almost all states of india and its management is essential to increase the quality and quantity of cowpea yield.
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